November 16th is the 10th "World Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Day". The World Health Organization states that if urgent action is not taken to eliminate risk factors for COPD such as tobacco smoke, global deaths from COPD are expected to increase by more than 30% in the next 10 years. By 2030, COPD may It will become the third leading cause of death in the world.

According to a WHO survey, COPD is currently tied for fourth place with AIDS among the global causes of death. In 2005, more than 3 million people died from COPD, equivalent to 5% of all deaths worldwide that year. In addition, nearly 90% of COPD deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries. Statistics show that there are currently more than 43 million COPD patients in China, and the prevalence of COPD among people over 40 years old is as high as 8.2%.

Early tracheitis, asthma and bronchiectasis are caused by chronic inflammation of the trachea or after exposure to allergens, resulting in congestion and edema in the trachea, thickening of the tube wall, thinning of the official cavity, and the production of a large amount of mucus, which blocks the airway and causes coughing. , asthma, suffocation and other symptoms. At this time, as long as the inflammation is eliminated and the triggers are eliminated, the ventilation function of the trachea will not be affected. Medically speaking, airflow limitation is completely reversible, that is, its elasticity has not changed and it can fully exhaust air. expectoration.

However, once the inflammation leads to long-term infection, tracheal remodeling will lead to incompletely reversible airflow limitation, the trachea loses some elasticity, and sputum becomes blocked, causing repeated infections. When the ventilation function becomes impaired, it will develop into chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

(Long-term airway inflammation, airway epithelial cilia lodging and falling off, and phlegm plug obstruction are the root causes of most chronic lung diseases.)

Once you have emphysema, the symptoms of coughing, wheezing, and suffocation will become more obvious. The lungs will be severely blocked, and the high pressure in the lungs will prevent oxygen from entering. At this time, the pressure on the heart will increase and the heart will be overloaded, just like a weightlifter who exercises arm muscles for a long time. As the disease develops, the right ventricular wall will also become hypertrophic, and the systolic function will decrease, leading to cor pulmonale.

(Due to inflammation, the bronchial wall after the disease continues to secrete mucus to wrap bacteria and germs, forming phlegm plugs, causing cilia to be unable to work, airways to be blocked, and gas exchange to be blocked)

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